Angina Can Be Effectively Managed But Requires Long-Term Care

Angina, a common symptom of coronary artery disease, can be managed effectively through medical treatment and lifestyle changes. While it may not be completely curable, many patients can achieve clinical remission and significantly improve their quality of life. This condition occurs when the coronary arteries become narrowed or blocked, typically by 70% or more, reducing blood flow to the heart muscle and causing chest pain or discomfort.

Understanding Angina and Its Causes

Angina is often described as a squeezing, pressing, or tightness in the chest. It can also radiate to the arms, neck, jaw, or back. The primary cause is coronary artery disease (CAD), where plaque buildup leads to arterial narrowing. When the heart muscle doesn't receive enough oxygen-rich blood, especially during physical exertion or emotional stress, angina occurs.

Treatment Options for Angina

Medications

Doctors often prescribe a combination of medications to manage angina and reduce the risk of heart attack. These include aspirin, clopidogrel (Plavix), statins to lower cholesterol, ACE inhibitors (like those in the "Pril" family), and beta-blockers. These drugs help prevent blood clots, reduce cholesterol levels, lower blood pressure, and decrease the heart's workload.

Minimally Invasive Procedures

For more severe cases, interventional cardiology procedures such as angioplasty and stenting can open blocked arteries and restore blood flow. These procedures are often recommended when medication alone is not enough to control symptoms.

Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery

In cases where multiple arteries are blocked or the left main artery is affected, bypass surgery may be necessary. This procedure involves using a blood vessel from another part of the body to create a new path for blood to flow around the blockage.

Long-Term Management and Outlook

Even after successful treatment, patients are generally advised to continue taking prescribed medications for life. This long-term therapy helps maintain heart health, prevent further plaque buildup, and reduce the risk of future cardiac events. Lifestyle modifications such as a heart-healthy diet, regular exercise, smoking cessation, and stress management are also essential components of ongoing care.